Renee+36-40

[pg 36] __ rostrum __ a platform raised above the surrounding level to give prominence to the person on it  [pg 37] __ nonplussed __ at a loss as to what to say, think, or do; perplexed __ proscriptions __ an imposed restraint or restriction; prohibition [pg 38] __ Plutarch __ A Greek biographer w hose works strongly influenced the evolution of the essay, the biography, and historical writing in Europe from the 16th to the 19th century. His biographies were paired accounts of famous Greeks and Romans to allow for easy comparison between the two cultures. His biographies mainly focus on the lives of men whom he held to be virtuous so his readers could understand how to live their own lives in a more virtous fashion, or those whom he considered unscrupulous __ throwing down a gauntlet __ to challenge someone to an argument, fight, or competition __ President Garrard __ Arendt Garrard, dean of Appleton College [pg 39] __ Ruth Orkin __ Ruth Orkin was an award-winning photojournalist and filmmaker of the 1900s. She grew up in Hollywood and, in her early 20s, worked as a nightclub photographer and shot baby pictures by day. She worked for all the major magazines in 1940s, and also went to Tanglewood during the summers to shoot rehearsals. She traveled around the world and eventually settled in New York, where she eventually passed away after a long battle with cancer. __ Machiavellian __ marked by cunning, duplicity, or bad faith [pg 40] __ Wunderlich __ A British man that attends the dinner held at Appleton College in honor of Elizabeth Costello. He apparently has an endearingly “earnest, stuttering, Oxford manner”. __ Olivia Garrard __ Wife of dean Garrard